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No matter how strictly written the mandates or how clearly the hierarchy, at some point commitments prescribed will come into conflict. High officials regularly feel cross-cutting tensions amid the requirements of protecting an institution, building support for a policy, and accounting to superiors. But even an inspector who vigilantly fills out a priority check-list must [...]

Every elected, appointed, and career official must exercise judgment and discretion in carrying out the duties and responsibilities of office. Society depends upon their conscientious judgment and skill to provide the foundations of public order. A theory of public integrity can guide these public officials in exercising judgment and discretion.
By public official it means any [...]